Tubbing for shafts.



W. BREIL.

TUBBING FOR SHAFTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18, 1011.

1,048,287, Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

ATTOPJVE Y8 COLUMBIA PLANOUIIMH CU.,WASHINUTON. u. c.

45 been known heretofore.

"FFICE.

WILHELM IBILEIL, F BREDENEY, ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY.

TUBBING FOR SHAFTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

atented Dec. 24, 1912.

Application filed March 18, 1911. Serial No. 615,345.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, lVILHnLM BREIL, a subject of the German Emperor, and residing at Bredeney, Essen-on-the-Ruhr, Ger

many, have invented certain new and useful vide an improved lining for the same.

The well-known linings of shafts consisting of cast-iron tubbing have various disadvantages which are in part due to the nature of cast-iron, and in part to the manner in which the segments are assembled and connected. However well the cast-iron rings are able to offer resistance to a uniform pressure, they are but little suited for preventing deformation of the section of the shaft owing to lateral forces of varying strength. Cast-iron is not suitable for resisting the bending and tensile strains which occur in such cases. At the places where the ring of tubbing is pressed outward, the segments cannot be held together in the requisite manner, because the connecting bolts are located inside the lining. Therefore the segments must gape. Obviously, a defect attaching to this construction of tubbing is that the tubbing is composed of individual parts separated by butt joints 'and is not capable of offering any resistance to the tensile forces which frequently occur. In addition, in the case of great lateral pressure the requisite cast-iron segments of tubbing are too heavy.

My invention substantially consists in making the segments of tubbing of ironconstruction. My improved lining is built 40 up of these segments in similar manner as in the case of the cast-iron segments known heretofore, and the segments are subse quently filled up with concrete and incased.

Reinforced concrete linings of shafts have It has also been proposed to ram concrete into annular lattice-girders forming part of the lining. In contradistinction to these known arrangements the novel feature of my invention consists in providing iron-construction in the form of segments of tubbing, that is to say, it is employed in the form of segments of cylinders which are connected to one another both horizontally and vertically and which can transmit tensile and compressive forces to one another in both directions. My finished lining filled up with concrete forms tube which offers resistance in every direction, 2'. 0. both to horizontal pressure and tension, and also to bending strains, and in consequence of the resistance offered to vertical pressure these segments of tubbing can be employed, in addition, just as cast-iron segments, for sinking and boring shafts. An outer sheet-iron casing, which may be zincplated if desired, provides a good sliding surface. For simplifying the construction and saving special falsework for the concreting I preferably employ cast concrete blocks having keys or grooves so that they can contain a portion of the rings of tubbing. As these grooves are also subsequently filled with concrete the falsework composed of cast blocks forms, after the lining is finished, a portion of the entire construction.

One illustrative embodiment of my invention is represented by way of example in the accompanying drawing, wherein:-

Figure 1 is avcrtical section through one ring of tubbing carrying cast blocks, Fig. 2 is a plan showing several abutting segments of tubbing. Fig. 3 is a plan-view showing the lattice-girder for each segment, and Fig. 4 is a detailperspective view showing the connection of the curved angle-irons with the upright U-girdcrs.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

In the drawing each tubbing segment is shown bounded by two vertical U-girders, which when the adjacent segments of tubbing are connected together, abut one against the other and thus form continuous vertical supports. To these supports are connected the horizontal inner and outer segments of angle-irons which are stiffened by transverse connections. A. plurality of pairs of segments, placed vertically one above another, appertain to each segment of tubbing.

Referring to Fig. 1, a designates a U-girder connected by angle-plates b and c with the next upper and lower U-girder. The U- girder a of one tubbing-segment abuts against the U-girder a of the adjacent segment, as shown in Fig. 2, forming double U or I-girders. The horizontal pairs of curved angle-irons (Z and c, f and g, and so on, are connected to the flanges of these girders by angle-plates h, inserted between the same. Each pair of angle-irons is connected together by ties 2' whereby segments consisting of curved lattice-girders are formed. Iron sheets Z which may be soldered together are secured outside of this iron-construction facing toward the rock 70. hen the lattice-girders are assembled to form segments, the outer and the inner angle-irons may be joined by plates m and n, respectively, as shown in Fig. 2. As it is possible to reach through the segment of tubbing the inner joint can be made with the same care as the outer. Therefore, two concentric equivalent rings are obtained, so that tensile strains in every direction are at once certainly taken up at every point of the section. The falsework or form is here formed by grooved cast blocks or stones 0 which engage over the inner angleiron rings. The space between the blocks 0 and the rock or between the blocks 0 and the sheet-iron casing is filled up with concrete. Likewise, the space between the sheet-iron casing and the rock may be filled up, if desired, by injecting cement in the form of paste.

I claim 1. In a shaft-lining of the character described, the combination of a plurality of segmental lattice girders arranged one above another and each comprising a plurality of segments, and a plurality of vertical girders connecting together the ends of adjacent segments in one girder with the corresponding ends of adjacent segments in the other girders located in corresponding vertical planes.

2. In a shaft-lining of the character described, the combination of a plurality of vertical girders arranged in a segment of a circle, a plurality of horizontal segments of lattice girders secured one above another between each pair of vertical girders, the segments between the various pairs of vertical girders being located at corresponding heights whereby segmental lattice girders are formed, and a plurality of grooved concrete blocks engaging and carried on the inside of each girder, substantially as shown.

WILHELM BREIL. [n s] Witnesses CHAS. J. WRIGHT, ALFRED HENKEL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

